edgetunnel: 在Cloudflare Workers上运行的VLESS服务器

这里提供的信息可能已经过时了。

您亦可参考项目的其他 Fork,如cmliu/edgetunnel

前言

几个月前,当我阅读Xray 的文档,注意到 VLESS 是“无状态的轻量传输协议”,就想过它或许适合 Serverless。但是看到有人真的用 JavaScript 实现了,还是有点惊讶(因为不太了解网络协议)。

部署重点摘要

项目源码

这个项目可以部署在 Cloudflare Workers 上,参考 Cloudflare 的许可协议,不违反现有规定。(而且现有的 Workers 反向代理也不少)

userID是 VLESS 连接时的 UUID,proxyIP用于解决 Cloudflare Workers 无法直接连接 Cloudflare 服务器的问题(据描述,是 Cloudflare 的 bug,导致无代理/中转时无法访问使用 Cloudflare CDN 的网站),参考 issue162

复制源码到新建的 Workers 代码中即可,推荐使用环境变量UUIDPROXYIP来设置这两个配置项。部署完成后,访问Workers地址/UUID即可获得配置信息。

局限性

edgetunnel运行在 Cloudflare Workers 上,这会导致它没有固定的代理 IP 地址(应该是最近的Cloudflare 数据中心),这可能会导致一些网站的风控,也有可能触发安全保护。

Cloudflare Workers 有执行时间限制(15s?)和调用数量限制,无论是使用免费计划还是付费,这显然不是稳定运行代理服务器的最佳选择。

proxyIP的实现原理是第三方对 Cloudflare 的代理,而不是直接连接 Cloudflare 自己的服务器。这有可能导致第三方获取到您与 Cloudflare 的通信内容。(存疑)

因此,我不建议将edgetunnel作为生产环境的代理服务。它的技术展示意义可能大于实际意义。

源码

在这里附上edgetunnel源码,表达我的惊讶。

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// https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zizifn/edgetunnel/main/src/worker-vless.js
// <!--GAMFC-->version base on commit 841ed4e9ff121dde0ed6a56ae800c2e6c4f66056, time is 2024-04-16 18:02:37 UTC<!--GAMFC-END-->.
// @ts-ignore
import { connect } from "cloudflare:sockets";

// How to generate your own UUID:
// [Windows] Press "Win + R", input cmd and run:  Powershell -NoExit -Command "[guid]::NewGuid()"
let userID = "d342d11e-d424-4583-b36e-524ab1f0afa4";

let proxyIP = "";

if (!isValidUUID(userID)) {
    throw new Error("uuid is not valid");
}

export default {
    /**
     * @param {import("@cloudflare/workers-types").Request} request
     * @param {{UUID: string, PROXYIP: string}} env
     * @param {import("@cloudflare/workers-types").ExecutionContext} ctx
     * @returns {Promise<Response>}
     */
    async fetch(request, env, ctx) {
        try {
            userID = env.UUID || userID;
            proxyIP = env.PROXYIP || proxyIP;
            const upgradeHeader = request.headers.get("Upgrade");
            if (!upgradeHeader || upgradeHeader !== "websocket") {
                const url = new URL(request.url);
                switch (url.pathname) {
                    case "/":
                        return new Response(JSON.stringify(request.cf), {
                            status: 200,
                        });
                    case `/${userID}`: {
                        const vlessConfig = getVLESSConfig(
                            userID,
                            request.headers.get("Host"),
                        );
                        return new Response(`${vlessConfig}`, {
                            status: 200,
                            headers: {
                                "Content-Type": "text/plain;charset=utf-8",
                            },
                        });
                    }
                    default:
                        return new Response("Not found", { status: 404 });
                }
            } else {
                return await vlessOverWSHandler(request);
            }
        } catch (err) {
            /** @type {Error} */ let e = err;
            return new Response(e.toString());
        }
    },
};

/**
 *
 * @param {import("@cloudflare/workers-types").Request} request
 */
async function vlessOverWSHandler(request) {
    /** @type {import("@cloudflare/workers-types").WebSocket[]} */
    // @ts-ignore
    const webSocketPair = new WebSocketPair();
    const [client, webSocket] = Object.values(webSocketPair);

    webSocket.accept();

    let address = "";
    let portWithRandomLog = "";
    const log = (
        /** @type {string} */ info,
        /** @type {string | undefined} */ event,
    ) => {
        console.log(`[${address}:${portWithRandomLog}] ${info}`, event || "");
    };
    const earlyDataHeader = request.headers.get("sec-websocket-protocol") || "";

    const readableWebSocketStream = makeReadableWebSocketStream(
        webSocket,
        earlyDataHeader,
        log,
    );

    /** @type {{ value: import("@cloudflare/workers-types").Socket | null}}*/
    let remoteSocketWapper = {
        value: null,
    };
    let udpStreamWrite = null;
    let isDns = false;

    // ws --> remote
    readableWebSocketStream
        .pipeTo(
            new WritableStream({
                async write(chunk, controller) {
                    if (isDns && udpStreamWrite) {
                        return udpStreamWrite(chunk);
                    }
                    if (remoteSocketWapper.value) {
                        const writer =
                            remoteSocketWapper.value.writable.getWriter();
                        await writer.write(chunk);
                        writer.releaseLock();
                        return;
                    }

                    const {
                        hasError,
                        message,
                        portRemote = 443,
                        addressRemote = "",
                        rawDataIndex,
                        vlessVersion = new Uint8Array([0, 0]),
                        isUDP,
                    } = processVlessHeader(chunk, userID);
                    address = addressRemote;
                    portWithRandomLog = `${portRemote}--${Math.random()} ${
                        isUDP ? "udp " : "tcp "
                    } `;
                    if (hasError) {
                        // controller.error(message);
                        throw new Error(message); // cf seems has bug, controller.error will not end stream
                        // webSocket.close(1000, message);
                        return;
                    }
                    // if UDP but port not DNS port, close it
                    if (isUDP) {
                        if (portRemote === 53) {
                            isDns = true;
                        } else {
                            // controller.error('UDP proxy only enable for DNS which is port 53');
                            throw new Error(
                                "UDP proxy only enable for DNS which is port 53",
                            ); // cf seems has bug, controller.error will not end stream
                            return;
                        }
                    }
                    // ["version", "附加信息长度 N"]
                    const vlessResponseHeader = new Uint8Array([
                        vlessVersion[0],
                        0,
                    ]);
                    const rawClientData = chunk.slice(rawDataIndex);

                    // TODO: support udp here when cf runtime has udp support
                    if (isDns) {
                        const { write } = await handleUDPOutBound(
                            webSocket,
                            vlessResponseHeader,
                            log,
                        );
                        udpStreamWrite = write;
                        udpStreamWrite(rawClientData);
                        return;
                    }
                    handleTCPOutBound(
                        remoteSocketWapper,
                        addressRemote,
                        portRemote,
                        rawClientData,
                        webSocket,
                        vlessResponseHeader,
                        log,
                    );
                },
                close() {
                    log(`readableWebSocketStream is close`);
                },
                abort(reason) {
                    log(
                        `readableWebSocketStream is abort`,
                        JSON.stringify(reason),
                    );
                },
            }),
        )
        .catch((err) => {
            log("readableWebSocketStream pipeTo error", err);
        });

    return new Response(null, {
        status: 101,
        // @ts-ignore
        webSocket: client,
    });
}

/**
 * Handles outbound TCP connections.
 *
 * @param {any} remoteSocket
 * @param {string} addressRemote The remote address to connect to.
 * @param {number} portRemote The remote port to connect to.
 * @param {Uint8Array} rawClientData The raw client data to write.
 * @param {import("@cloudflare/workers-types").WebSocket} webSocket The WebSocket to pass the remote socket to.
 * @param {Uint8Array} vlessResponseHeader The VLESS response header.
 * @param {function} log The logging function.
 * @returns {Promise<void>} The remote socket.
 */
async function handleTCPOutBound(
    remoteSocket,
    addressRemote,
    portRemote,
    rawClientData,
    webSocket,
    vlessResponseHeader,
    log,
) {
    async function connectAndWrite(address, port) {
        /** @type {import("@cloudflare/workers-types").Socket} */
        const tcpSocket = connect({
            hostname: address,
            port: port,
        });
        remoteSocket.value = tcpSocket;
        log(`connected to ${address}:${port}`);
        const writer = tcpSocket.writable.getWriter();
        await writer.write(rawClientData); // first write, nomal is tls client hello
        writer.releaseLock();
        return tcpSocket;
    }

    // if the cf connect tcp socket have no incoming data, we retry to redirect ip
    async function retry() {
        const tcpSocket = await connectAndWrite(
            proxyIP || addressRemote,
            portRemote,
        );
        // no matter retry success or not, close websocket
        tcpSocket.closed
            .catch((error) => {
                console.log("retry tcpSocket closed error", error);
            })
            .finally(() => {
                safeCloseWebSocket(webSocket);
            });
        remoteSocketToWS(tcpSocket, webSocket, vlessResponseHeader, null, log);
    }

    const tcpSocket = await connectAndWrite(addressRemote, portRemote);

    // when remoteSocket is ready, pass to websocket
    // remote--> ws
    remoteSocketToWS(tcpSocket, webSocket, vlessResponseHeader, retry, log);
}

/**
 *
 * @param {import("@cloudflare/workers-types").WebSocket} webSocketServer
 * @param {string} earlyDataHeader for ws 0rtt
 * @param {(info: string)=> void} log for ws 0rtt
 */
function makeReadableWebSocketStream(webSocketServer, earlyDataHeader, log) {
    let readableStreamCancel = false;
    const stream = new ReadableStream({
        start(controller) {
            webSocketServer.addEventListener("message", (event) => {
                if (readableStreamCancel) {
                    return;
                }
                const message = event.data;
                controller.enqueue(message);
            });

            // The event means that the client closed the client -> server stream.
            // However, the server -> client stream is still open until you call close() on the server side.
            // The WebSocket protocol says that a separate close message must be sent in each direction to fully close the socket.
            webSocketServer.addEventListener("close", () => {
                // client send close, need close server
                // if stream is cancel, skip controller.close
                safeCloseWebSocket(webSocketServer);
                if (readableStreamCancel) {
                    return;
                }
                controller.close();
            });
            webSocketServer.addEventListener("error", (err) => {
                log("webSocketServer has error");
                controller.error(err);
            });
            // for ws 0rtt
            const { earlyData, error } = base64ToArrayBuffer(earlyDataHeader);
            if (error) {
                controller.error(error);
            } else if (earlyData) {
                controller.enqueue(earlyData);
            }
        },

        pull(controller) {
            // if ws can stop read if stream is full, we can implement backpressure
            // https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#example-rs-push-backpressure
        },
        cancel(reason) {
            // 1. pipe WritableStream has error, this cancel will called, so ws handle server close into here
            // 2. if readableStream is cancel, all controller.close/enqueue need skip,
            // 3. but from testing controller.error still work even if readableStream is cancel
            if (readableStreamCancel) {
                return;
            }
            log(`ReadableStream was canceled, due to ${reason}`);
            readableStreamCancel = true;
            safeCloseWebSocket(webSocketServer);
        },
    });

    return stream;
}

// https://xtls.github.io/development/protocols/vless.html
// https://github.com/zizifn/excalidraw-backup/blob/main/v2ray-protocol.excalidraw

/**
 *
 * @param { ArrayBuffer} vlessBuffer
 * @param {string} userID
 * @returns
 */
function processVlessHeader(vlessBuffer, userID) {
    if (vlessBuffer.byteLength < 24) {
        return {
            hasError: true,
            message: "invalid data",
        };
    }
    const version = new Uint8Array(vlessBuffer.slice(0, 1));
    let isValidUser = false;
    let isUDP = false;
    if (stringify(new Uint8Array(vlessBuffer.slice(1, 17))) === userID) {
        isValidUser = true;
    }
    if (!isValidUser) {
        return {
            hasError: true,
            message: "invalid user",
        };
    }

    const optLength = new Uint8Array(vlessBuffer.slice(17, 18))[0];
    //skip opt for now

    const command = new Uint8Array(
        vlessBuffer.slice(18 + optLength, 18 + optLength + 1),
    )[0];

    // 0x01 TCP
    // 0x02 UDP
    // 0x03 MUX
    if (command === 1) {
    } else if (command === 2) {
        isUDP = true;
    } else {
        return {
            hasError: true,
            message: `command ${command} is not support, command 01-tcp,02-udp,03-mux`,
        };
    }
    const portIndex = 18 + optLength + 1;
    const portBuffer = vlessBuffer.slice(portIndex, portIndex + 2);
    // port is big-Endian in raw data etc 80 == 0x005d
    const portRemote = new DataView(portBuffer).getUint16(0);

    let addressIndex = portIndex + 2;
    const addressBuffer = new Uint8Array(
        vlessBuffer.slice(addressIndex, addressIndex + 1),
    );

    // 1--> ipv4  addressLength =4
    // 2--> domain name addressLength=addressBuffer[1]
    // 3--> ipv6  addressLength =16
    const addressType = addressBuffer[0];
    let addressLength = 0;
    let addressValueIndex = addressIndex + 1;
    let addressValue = "";
    switch (addressType) {
        case 1:
            addressLength = 4;
            addressValue = new Uint8Array(
                vlessBuffer.slice(
                    addressValueIndex,
                    addressValueIndex + addressLength,
                ),
            ).join(".");
            break;
        case 2:
            addressLength = new Uint8Array(
                vlessBuffer.slice(addressValueIndex, addressValueIndex + 1),
            )[0];
            addressValueIndex += 1;
            addressValue = new TextDecoder().decode(
                vlessBuffer.slice(
                    addressValueIndex,
                    addressValueIndex + addressLength,
                ),
            );
            break;
        case 3:
            addressLength = 16;
            const dataView = new DataView(
                vlessBuffer.slice(
                    addressValueIndex,
                    addressValueIndex + addressLength,
                ),
            );
            // 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334
            const ipv6 = [];
            for (let i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
                ipv6.push(dataView.getUint16(i * 2).toString(16));
            }
            addressValue = ipv6.join(":");
            // seems no need add [] for ipv6
            break;
        default:
            return {
                hasError: true,
                message: `invild  addressType is ${addressType}`,
            };
    }
    if (!addressValue) {
        return {
            hasError: true,
            message: `addressValue is empty, addressType is ${addressType}`,
        };
    }

    return {
        hasError: false,
        addressRemote: addressValue,
        addressType,
        portRemote,
        rawDataIndex: addressValueIndex + addressLength,
        vlessVersion: version,
        isUDP,
    };
}

/**
 *
 * @param {import("@cloudflare/workers-types").Socket} remoteSocket
 * @param {import("@cloudflare/workers-types").WebSocket} webSocket
 * @param {ArrayBuffer} vlessResponseHeader
 * @param {(() => Promise<void>) | null} retry
 * @param {*} log
 */
async function remoteSocketToWS(
    remoteSocket,
    webSocket,
    vlessResponseHeader,
    retry,
    log,
) {
    // remote--> ws
    let remoteChunkCount = 0;
    let chunks = [];
    /** @type {ArrayBuffer | null} */
    let vlessHeader = vlessResponseHeader;
    let hasIncomingData = false; // check if remoteSocket has incoming data
    await remoteSocket.readable
        .pipeTo(
            new WritableStream({
                start() {},
                /**
                 *
                 * @param {Uint8Array} chunk
                 * @param {*} controller
                 */
                async write(chunk, controller) {
                    hasIncomingData = true;
                    // remoteChunkCount++;
                    if (webSocket.readyState !== WS_READY_STATE_OPEN) {
                        controller.error(
                            "webSocket.readyState is not open, maybe close",
                        );
                    }
                    if (vlessHeader) {
                        webSocket.send(
                            await new Blob([vlessHeader, chunk]).arrayBuffer(),
                        );
                        vlessHeader = null;
                    } else {
                        // seems no need rate limit this, CF seems fix this??..
                        // if (remoteChunkCount > 20000) {
                        // 	// cf one package is 4096 byte(4kb),  4096 * 20000 = 80M
                        // 	await delay(1);
                        // }
                        webSocket.send(chunk);
                    }
                },
                close() {
                    log(
                        `remoteConnection!.readable is close with hasIncomingData is ${hasIncomingData}`,
                    );
                    // safeCloseWebSocket(webSocket); // no need server close websocket frist for some case will casue HTTP ERR_CONTENT_LENGTH_MISMATCH issue, client will send close event anyway.
                },
                abort(reason) {
                    console.error(`remoteConnection!.readable abort`, reason);
                },
            }),
        )
        .catch((error) => {
            console.error(
                `remoteSocketToWS has exception `,
                error.stack || error,
            );
            safeCloseWebSocket(webSocket);
        });

    // seems is cf connect socket have error,
    // 1. Socket.closed will have error
    // 2. Socket.readable will be close without any data coming
    if (hasIncomingData === false && retry) {
        log(`retry`);
        retry();
    }
}

/**
 *
 * @param {string} base64Str
 * @returns
 */
function base64ToArrayBuffer(base64Str) {
    if (!base64Str) {
        return { error: null };
    }
    try {
        // go use modified Base64 for URL rfc4648 which js atob not support
        base64Str = base64Str.replace(/-/g, "+").replace(/_/g, "/");
        const decode = atob(base64Str);
        const arryBuffer = Uint8Array.from(decode, (c) => c.charCodeAt(0));
        return { earlyData: arryBuffer.buffer, error: null };
    } catch (error) {
        return { error };
    }
}

/**
 * This is not real UUID validation
 * @param {string} uuid
 */
function isValidUUID(uuid) {
    const uuidRegex =
        /^[0-9a-f]{8}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[4][0-9a-f]{3}-[89ab][0-9a-f]{3}-[0-9a-f]{12}$/i;
    return uuidRegex.test(uuid);
}

const WS_READY_STATE_OPEN = 1;
const WS_READY_STATE_CLOSING = 2;
/**
 * Normally, WebSocket will not has exceptions when close.
 * @param {import("@cloudflare/workers-types").WebSocket} socket
 */
function safeCloseWebSocket(socket) {
    try {
        if (
            socket.readyState === WS_READY_STATE_OPEN ||
            socket.readyState === WS_READY_STATE_CLOSING
        ) {
            socket.close();
        }
    } catch (error) {
        console.error("safeCloseWebSocket error", error);
    }
}

const byteToHex = [];
for (let i = 0; i < 256; ++i) {
    byteToHex.push((i + 256).toString(16).slice(1));
}
function unsafeStringify(arr, offset = 0) {
    return (
        byteToHex[arr[offset + 0]] +
        byteToHex[arr[offset + 1]] +
        byteToHex[arr[offset + 2]] +
        byteToHex[arr[offset + 3]] +
        "-" +
        byteToHex[arr[offset + 4]] +
        byteToHex[arr[offset + 5]] +
        "-" +
        byteToHex[arr[offset + 6]] +
        byteToHex[arr[offset + 7]] +
        "-" +
        byteToHex[arr[offset + 8]] +
        byteToHex[arr[offset + 9]] +
        "-" +
        byteToHex[arr[offset + 10]] +
        byteToHex[arr[offset + 11]] +
        byteToHex[arr[offset + 12]] +
        byteToHex[arr[offset + 13]] +
        byteToHex[arr[offset + 14]] +
        byteToHex[arr[offset + 15]]
    ).toLowerCase();
}
function stringify(arr, offset = 0) {
    const uuid = unsafeStringify(arr, offset);
    if (!isValidUUID(uuid)) {
        throw TypeError("Stringified UUID is invalid");
    }
    return uuid;
}

/**
 *
 * @param {import("@cloudflare/workers-types").WebSocket} webSocket
 * @param {ArrayBuffer} vlessResponseHeader
 * @param {(string)=> void} log
 */
async function handleUDPOutBound(webSocket, vlessResponseHeader, log) {
    let isVlessHeaderSent = false;
    const transformStream = new TransformStream({
        start(controller) {},
        transform(chunk, controller) {
            // udp message 2 byte is the the length of udp data
            // TODO: this should have bug, beacsue maybe udp chunk can be in two websocket message
            for (let index = 0; index < chunk.byteLength; ) {
                const lengthBuffer = chunk.slice(index, index + 2);
                const udpPakcetLength = new DataView(lengthBuffer).getUint16(0);
                const udpData = new Uint8Array(
                    chunk.slice(index + 2, index + 2 + udpPakcetLength),
                );
                index = index + 2 + udpPakcetLength;
                controller.enqueue(udpData);
            }
        },
        flush(controller) {},
    });

    // only handle dns udp for now
    transformStream.readable
        .pipeTo(
            new WritableStream({
                async write(chunk) {
                    const resp = await fetch("https://1.1.1.1/dns-query", {
                        method: "POST",
                        headers: {
                            "content-type": "application/dns-message",
                        },
                        body: chunk,
                    });
                    const dnsQueryResult = await resp.arrayBuffer();
                    const udpSize = dnsQueryResult.byteLength;
                    // console.log([...new Uint8Array(dnsQueryResult)].map((x) => x.toString(16)));
                    const udpSizeBuffer = new Uint8Array([
                        (udpSize >> 8) & 0xff,
                        udpSize & 0xff,
                    ]);
                    if (webSocket.readyState === WS_READY_STATE_OPEN) {
                        log(`doh success and dns message length is ${udpSize}`);
                        if (isVlessHeaderSent) {
                            webSocket.send(
                                await new Blob([
                                    udpSizeBuffer,
                                    dnsQueryResult,
                                ]).arrayBuffer(),
                            );
                        } else {
                            webSocket.send(
                                await new Blob([
                                    vlessResponseHeader,
                                    udpSizeBuffer,
                                    dnsQueryResult,
                                ]).arrayBuffer(),
                            );
                            isVlessHeaderSent = true;
                        }
                    }
                },
            }),
        )
        .catch((error) => {
            log("dns udp has error" + error);
        });

    const writer = transformStream.writable.getWriter();

    return {
        /**
         *
         * @param {Uint8Array} chunk
         */
        write(chunk) {
            writer.write(chunk);
        },
    };
}

/**
 *
 * @param {string} userID
 * @param {string | null} hostName
 * @returns {string}
 */
function getVLESSConfig(userID, hostName) {
    const vlessMain = `vless://${userID}\u0040${hostName}:443?encryption=none&security=tls&sni=${hostName}&fp=randomized&type=ws&host=${hostName}&path=%2F%3Fed%3D2048#${hostName}`;
    return `
################################################################
v2ray
---------------------------------------------------------------
${vlessMain}
---------------------------------------------------------------
################################################################
clash-meta
---------------------------------------------------------------
- type: vless
  name: ${hostName}
  server: ${hostName}
  port: 443
  uuid: ${userID}
  network: ws
  tls: true
  udp: false
  sni: ${hostName}
  client-fingerprint: chrome
  ws-opts:
    path: "/?ed=2048"
    headers:
      host: ${hostName}
---------------------------------------------------------------
################################################################
`;
}

后记

这个项目的作者曾经删除所有代码并表示:

删除代码。为了回忆保留项目。我只是出于娱乐、尝试新事物和学习的目的创建这个项目。我甚至没有为这个项目撰写任何外部营销文章。只是为了我自己的乐趣… 但是,我感到受到社区的情感伤害。

显然,部分社区成员的言行没有尊重开源项目。

有些观点认为,这个项目会导致 Cloudflare 被滥用且被中国政府屏蔽,但这显然不是第一次 Cloudflare 被用于代理用途(或其中的一部分)了,reflarejsproxysiteproxycfproxycfp-plus,还有本文中提到的edgetunnel,Cloudflare 从未惩罚/删除使用这些项目的用户,真正的加害者到底是谁呢?我真的不会相信有人会长期使用这样的项目,它们只是达到了“基本能用”的水平,而且有用量限制,从未见过有个体用户替企业操心的。

又有谁注意到,这些项目对伊朗的用户有多大的意义?

仍然,除非遇到极端情况,从稳定性上考虑,不建议使用 Cloudflare Workers 作为代理。

公平和规范,更多的是通过规则创造的,而不是靠少数人的道德。

提交: 5a1bbd02   环境: production   Hugo: 0.139.3   时间: 1733917433357452
作者对于因使用或解读所提供内容而导致的任何直接或间接后果不承担任何责任。
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